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The First Years The First Years Breastflow Bottle, 5 oz 1 ct (Quantity of 6)

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Archaeopteryx - Not the First Bird, Indeed Not a Bird at All According to the Latest Research

!±8± Archaeopteryx - Not the First Bird, Indeed Not a Bird at All According to the Latest Research

In a Flap over Archaeopteryx

Palaeontology is a fascinating subject, it is an ever changing branch of the Earth sciences. New fossils are found which challenge existing theories and scientific assumptions. New research techniques such as computer modelling and high resolution X-ray scans reveal exciting new information about organisms preserved in the fossil record. Times they are a changing and even one of the most iconic creatures from the field of palaeontology is in danger of being knocked off its lofty perch.

Archaeopteryx (ancient wing) could perhaps be one of the most famous fossilised creatures ever discovered. Truth is, this Late Jurassic, feathered creature is known from at least ten specimens, although one of these fossils, the first ever found consists of just a single feather! Most scientists think that this crow-sized animal which lived in a warm, tropical, coastal environment in what was to become southern Germany, was one of the earliest ancestors of modern birds. However, new discoveries in China coupled with extensive research from the Chinese Academy of Sciences suggests that Archaeopteryx may just be another small Theropod dinosaur and not such a significant discovery after all.

The Story of Archaeopteryx

The first fossils of Archaeopteryx were found in 1860 near Solnhofen in Bavaria (the single feather). The fine-grained limestone in which the fossils have been found is used in the lithographic printing process and this explains the formal scientific name for this creature Archaeopteryx lithographica. This part of southern Germany was populated by a number of ardent Catholics who vehemently denied the theories postulated by Charles Darwin in his book "The Origin of Species", that was first published in 1859. The discovery of the feather and a year later by an articulated almost complete specimen of Archaeopteryx provided powerful evidence to support Darwin's idea that organisms evolved over time through a process called natural selection.

Archaeopteryx was named and described by the German palaeontologist Hermann von Meyer in 1861, after the discovery of the near complete fossil. In total only a handful of Archaeopteryx fossils have been found (nine specimens and one fossil feather). The first Archaeopteryx fossil was found several years before the feather specimen was discovered, but at the time it was wrongly classified as a flying reptile, it was finally classified as a fossil of Archaeopteryx in the early 1970s.

Archaeopteryx shows characteristics of birds and reptiles. It is sometimes called a "missing link", but the term transitional fossil is more appropriate. Archaeopteryx had feathers, a breast bone (called a furcula) and was lightly built - thought to be adaptations for powered flight. However, it also had conical teeth in the jaws and a long, reptilian tail.

New Research Suggests Archaeopteryx may be Just "Another Theropod Dinosaur"

Despite the rarity of the fossils and their delicate state of preservation, the fossils attributed to Archaeopteryx have been extensively studied over the last 150 years or so. Recent studies have concentrated on determining the structure and composition of the feathers. Other studies have focused on the brain case in a bid to determine how well co-ordinated and equipped for flying this little animal was. The assumption has been, a belief held by most palaeontologists, is that Archaeopteryx represents an ancestor of true birds. However, a team of palaeontologists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences are challenging this long held theory.

The Chinese researchers having identified a new species of Archaeopteryx-like dinosaur, classified as a member of the Theropoda, from lake deposits formed about 160 million years ago in the north of China are challenging these assumptions. According to their research findings published online in the scientific publication "Nature", the new dinosaur species, named Xiaotingia zhengi is a close relative of Archaeopteryx, which is widely accepted as the most primitive bird, known from the fossil record. However, a phylogenetic analysis incorporating this new research suggests that Archaeopteryx was not a bird. This has some very significant implications for our understanding of bird origins and the relationship between reptiles and birds. Could Archaeopteryx be in danger of being knocked of its lofty perch?

One of the smallest non-avian dinosaurs discovered to date; X. zhengi weighed about the same as a bag of flour.The fossil shows evidence of conical teeth, set in a long pointed jaw, as well as long, robust arms that are similar to those of primitive birds. Its modified feet have the highly extensible second toe, a characteristic of a group of dinosaurs known as the Deinonychosauria, These were very bird-like, cursorial dinosaurs, fierce predators such as Velociraptor, made famous from the "Jurassic Park" movie trilogy.

Lead author of the scientific paper on this new discovery, Dr.Xu Xing of the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has expressed his excitement regarding the discovery but insists that Archaeopteryx is just another type of Theropod,perhaps an ancestor of Velociraptor but not a direct ancestor of the Aves (birds).

This new study is going to challenge long held views about the significance of Archaeopteryx, the feathers (excuse the pun) are certainly going to fly. It is widely accepted that birds are descendants from dinosaurs. Like dinosaurs, birds are members of the Archosauria. However, when examining the phylogenetic relationship between fossils, the picture becomes less clear. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has made a number of very important discoveries related to this important issue in palaeontology. It is now widely accepted that birds are descended from dinosaurs, but scientists are still working put together a fossil family tree to demonstrate how all the fossils found to date are related to each other and how the dinosaur-bird transition occurred.

The Chinese based team have a number of very well preserved fossils to study, most of which date from around 160 million years ago,making these specimens about ten million years older than the Archaeopteryx material. Genera such as Archaeopteryx from Germany and Xiaotingia and the recently discovered Anchiornis (China) are claimed to be more similar to other Deinonychosaurs. So Archaeopteryx may not actually be a bird at all. Certainly, not the first bird to evolve - an assumption made by many people.

Just because Archaeopteryx was the first feathered fossil indicating a bird/reptile link found, it does not mean it was the first bird to evolve. We explain this by using the following illustration:

Imagine that you have a pillow case, take a note pad and rip all the pages into small squares. On each square write a number from one to ten thousand, then fold these pieces of paper and drop them into the pillow case. Then once mixed all around pull out a single number. It is extremely unlikely that this number will be the digit number one. In fact the odds for this happening are 10,000 to 1. We won't go into the semantics of the chances of fossil preservation potential between a common established species and a newly evolved species, but the point is just because Archaeopteryx was the first bird-like fossil found, it does not mean that it was the first bird to evolve.

Archaeopteryx - Not the First Bird, Indeed Not a Bird at All According to the Latest Research

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Breast Cancer and Reiki

!±8± Breast Cancer and Reiki

The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2006, about 212,900 women in the U.S. will learn they have invasive breast cancer. American women have a 1 in 8 chance of developing this type of cancer at some point in their lives, and roughly 2 million have already been treated for the disease. Thankfully, death rates from breast cancer have dropped dramatically. Early detection as well as advances in chemotherapy and other treatments mean that each year yields more and more breast cancer survivors.[i]

As with any cancer, traditional treatments for breast cancer can cause their own array of health challenges. Nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and low blood cell counts often follow chemotherapy and radiation. In a recent study published in The Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Dr. Michael Hassett of Boston's Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that 16 % of breast cancer patients under age 64 required a hospital visit to manage chemotherapy side effects.[ii] Chemotherapy targets all rapidly growing cells, including white blood cells (known as neutrophils), which support the immune system. Neutropenia, meaning white blood cell counts have dropped below normal levels, lowers immune response to invaders like bacteria, viruses and fungi.[iii] Consequently, the most common and serious reason for the post-chemo hospital visits was high fever from infections. Anemia-resulting from low red blood cell count-poses additional struggles in the form of extreme fatigue.

Anti-nausea drugs, blood transfusions and lab-made white blood cell "boosters" now form part of a growing arsenal of coping strategies.[iv] But for women who feel conflicted about taking drugs in the first place, these solutions can seem too toxic or even add additional complaints. The neurtophil enhancers, for example, cause temporary bone pain as the marrow rapidly produces more cells. Leigh Leming, 54, a breast cancer survivor whose cancer later returned and metasticized, decided that this time she wanted to try something different. Unable to eat due to nausea, she now follows the advice of an Ayurvedic chef. She drinks a shot of ginger, lemon juice, and honey before each meal. "It's the only thing that keeps my food down," Leming explains. She also takes wheat grass juice to build up her blood counts, because 2 ounces of wheat grass juice contain nutrients equivalent to 4 pounds of organic produce: "The difference in my energy levels is amazing!"

A patient at St. Luke's Hospital in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Leming noticed fliers offering Reiki sessions there. Reiki (pronounced "RAY-key") is an ancient healing energy system rediscovered in the late nineteenth century by a Japanese monk named Dr. Mikao Usui. The "Rei" stands for "universal," and the "ki" refers to "life force energy" similar to "Chi" in Chinese healing or "prana" in yoga. Thus, Reiki means "universal life force energy," which works on all levels-physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual. By influencing all these levels, Reiki is believed gently but dramatically to amplify people's innate abilities to heal themselves. One can perform Reiki with hands on or above the body, and even across great distances. Most people notice it as heat, tingling or a feeling of deep love and support.

Leming's friends at St. Luke's Wellness Center explained that they receive Reiki sessions prior to chemotherapy in order to offset some of their post-chemo reactions. Other patients noticed dramatic improvement in pain levels following Reiki treatments. After experiencing some of this pain relief herself-"I actually forget to take my pain pills after a Reiki session"-Leming gathered a group of patients and survivors to learn how to treat themselves with Reiki. Having received an attunement (opening of the body's natural energy paths) from a Reiki Master Teacher, they can now feel Reiki flowing through their own hands. Although her pain returns, Leming reports a greater sense of calmness and peace when dealing with pain, as well as other cancer stressors like finances and family relationships.

No formal U.S. studies have proven Reiki's effectiveness in treating cancer; however, The Canadian Breast Cancer Research Initiative recently awarded a ,000 grant to Dr. Ahlam Mansour of the College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan. Dr. Mansour will study "the effects of Reiki on the level of anxiety, physical problems, spiritual well-being, and complete blood counts in patients undergoing their initial AC (chemotherapy)."[v] The June 1997 issue of Cancer Prevention Control shared preliminary results from a controlled study at the Cross Cancer Institute in Edmonton, Canada. Twenty volunteers with chronic pain, including pain from cancer, received Reiki treatments from a certified Reiki Level 2 practitioner. Study supervisors used both a visual analog scale (VAS) and a Likert scale to measure pain before and after Reiki. The study found that receiving Reiki greatly improved pain levels.[vi]

Across the United States, hospitals and hospices have begun to value Reiki. In 1997, Nancy Samson, RN, BS, began coordinating a volunteer Reiki program in the radiation oncology ward at Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center in New Hampshire. Today, the center hosts Reiki Certification Classes and advertises 50% reimbursement of class cost for DHMC employees. [vii] The esteemed California Pacific Medical Center's Health and Healing Clinic offers Reiki, along with acupressure, nutritional therapy and yoga. [viii] Hospices increasingly offer Reiki to patients as a means of easing pain and reducing anxiety about the unknown.

Arizona hosts one of the longest relationships between Reiki and traditional cancer treatment. Sally Soderlund, RN (Support Services Coordinator for Oncology) directs the Tucson Medical Center (TMC) Reiki Clinic. The Reiki program at TMC began over 11 years ago in the Cancer Care Unit. It has since branched out to other areas of the hospital as well. Reiki practitioners at TMC usually describe Reiki as "healing energy" and work together in two person teams. They emphasize the relaxing and healing qualities of Reiki, rather than delving into metaphysics. Although some patients report spiritual experiences during Reiki sessions, volunteers explain that Reiki is a healing system, not a religion. The TMC clinic's success continues due to patient requests for repeat sessions as well as nurse reports of improved patient mood and healing rate.[ix]

The American Cancer Society regards Reiki as a "safe" complementary cancer therapy. Their website acknowledges patients' subjective reports of Reiki's ability to speed healing and increase their sense of well-being. Like massage, Reiki induces relaxation, lowers heart rate and reduces stress levels. Studies indicate that people heal better if they can remain in a low stress state. Because massage actually manipulates tissue, though, the American Cancer Society recommends avoiding areas near tumors until research shows if tissue manipulation can spread cancer cells to other parts of the body.[x] Unlike massage, Reiki involves a light touch or no touch at all: there is no tissue manipulation. Recipients remain clothed while energy flows above and into their body. For people with multiple tumor sites, Reiki offers a chance to tap into the healing power of relaxation without any contraindications.

[i] American Cancer Society: Caner Reference Information. cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_2_1X_How_many_people_get_breast_cancer_5.asp?sitearea=

[ii] About Health and Fitness: breastcancer.about.com/

[iii] "How Cancer Can Put You at Risk of Serious Infection." Healthmonitor: July-August 2006, p. S3.

[iv] "Take Care of Yourself." Healthmonitor: July-August 2006, p. S4.

[v] Source: Office of Communications, University of Saskatchewan, Canada, usask.ca/communications/ocn/Apr24/news8.html.

[vi] Source: Olson K, Hanson J, 1997. "Using Reiki to manage pain: a preliminary report." Cancer Prevention Control 1997, June, Vol.1(2): pages 108-13.

[vii] Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center: Classes and Events. dhmc.org/dhmc/webpage.cfm?site_id=2&morg_id=0&org_id=1&sec_id=3&gsec_id=3&item_id=3

[viii] CPMC Institute for Health and Healing. cpmc.org/services/ihh/professionals/overview.html

[ix] Rand, William Lee. "Reiki in Hospitals." Reiki News Articles: The International Center for Reiki Training. reiki.org/reikinews/reiki_in_hospitals.html

[x] American Cancer Society. "Reiki" and "Massage." cancer.org/docroot/eto/content/eto_5_3x_massage.asp?sitearea=eto

Breast Cancer and Reiki

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Breast Cancer The Cure

!±8± Breast Cancer The Cure

You have my permission to publish this article electronically or in print, free of charge, as long as the bylines are included. A copy of your publication would be appreciated.

Breast Cancer Care

There is no known cure for breast cancer. More than 1.5 million people worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer this year. Scientists do not know why most women fall ill with breast cancer, but breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. A womanwho died of breast cancer robbed of an average of nearly 20 years of his life. Breast cancer knows no social boundaries. It is a disease that can affect everyone. Some distinguished women, the lives that have been touched by breast cancer are Jill Eikenberry actress age 52 years, age 49 figure skater Peggy Fleming, Kate Jackson, age 50 (Charlies Angels), Olivia Newton-John 50 years singer, actress Nancy Reagan age 77 former first lady, singer Melissa Etheridge 43 years, and the beautifulSuzanne Summers actress. These high rates of breast cancer are not acceptable, the women of the world and be met with scientific research, the results.

Despite more than a decade of research and spent more than $ 1700000000, hundreds of women around the world are dying of breast cancer every day. But doctors do not know how breast cancer starts or how to cure them. Doctors are still closer to the treatment of breast cancer in the same way old-fashioned surgery, radiotherapy andChemotherapy. Barbarick treatments ... And scientists still do the same old redundant research that does not work. It should not be so. January Cells Cures is a scientific biotechnology company that focuses on a cure for breast cancer. The company is committed to treating breast cancer before it's too late for you. We are not interested in a cure in five years, ten or twenty. We want your cure for breast cancer within a year or two. We do not knowYou want to go into surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or take toxic drugs.

Why January Cells Cures? You can search the medical journals, you can use the Internet to look for your blue in the face. You can find the same old news which is not new news about cancer research and treatments. Research on breast cancer is enclosed in a black. January Cells Cures is approaching the cure for breast cancer from different angles and with the scientific technologies today. OurExpertise is in the field of stem cell research and genomics. Defective stem cells have already been brought to the development of breast cancer. We're not talking about using generic stem cells from an egg and sperm. There is no genetic match for you with the politically controversial generic stem cells that are always in the news. The isolation of cancer stem cells, together with our understanding of genetic mutations, cancer, and our knowledge of genomics to run in aElimination of tumor cells sparing normal breast tissues.

Genetics and breast cancer

People will tell you to accept what you can not change ... Your genetics, your genes, the genes your mother and father passed when you were born, came with their particular genetic makeup. BRCA1 and BRCA2: The most hereditary breast cancer have been associated with two genes in combination. The last five years, for an unprecedented period of discovery in genetics, genomics andStem cell research, but these results do not apply to breast cancer treatments. A job that cells in January Cure wants your hands dirty in Recently, researchers have found that to be stopped by blocking a gene called beta1-integrin the growth of tumor cells can. When this gene was removed, cancer cells stop growing. You do not have the genes that have been accepted at the time of birth. Jan. cell treatments to manipulate genes to cure breastCancer.

Our cancer stem cells and Genomics Program will bring the best scientific minds in the world under one tin roof to maximize the use of different approaches to the understanding of time genomics of cancer stem cells with solutions. January Cells Cures is not looking for a center of multi-million dollar biomedical research such as the Stowers Institute in Kansas City, the medical center is to be admired. A rented tin shack well. Of course we would accept, hand memichroscopes by Stowers (billionaires who bought their own multi-million dollar center of biomedical research), if kind enough to grant us, we control or to accept a small prime the pump to move forward with our research partners would do. The Stowerses and all scientists Stowers Institute have an open invitation to visit our laboratory in the Caribbean. What we're looking for is a cure for breast cancer, the humiliation, pain and suffering this menace to society causes stopMillions of women and thousands of people around the world, and not a new biomedical center ... Every dollar invested with us goes into pure medical research and equipment. The same offer goes to all the millionaires and especially the billionaires of the world. People come to mind are: Paul Allen, Bill and Melinda Gates, Jon Huntsman, William and Alice Goodman, Ann Lurie, Jamie and Karen Moyer, Harold C. Simmons, Alfred Mann, M. Sumner Redstone, Michael Milton and the Palm BeachBillionaires, there are too many to mention. The combined wealth of the three Microsoft billionaires alone is more than ten times the amount of U.S. federal government spent on research to fight cancer and other deadly diseases. We know that we are in the wrong business to become billionaires ourselves. This kind of biotechnology has never produced even one billionaire. And 'the cure for breast cancer, we want to.

Simply put the cancer research funding organizationsthe researchers wrong. It 'time to go outside the normal research channels. Do something different. The same story year after year after year and no cure. These unmotivated researchers just are not getting results. Another person has a shot at this. It 'time to try something new. A different approach. There are races for the cure, golf tournaments for the cure, there are walks for the cure, there are fundamental principles for healing. These foundations have fundedthe same ineffective research for more than twenty years. These foundations have been betting on the wrong horse. Joining the crusade will not help if the research is done on non-scientific approach to the century 1 / 21 °. It was time to move forward scientifically for five years. But researchers in breast cancer today are stuck in a mindset of the twentieth century. The apology will be to find a cure someday, but do not help Todayvictims of breast cancer. We need top notch scientific action today.

The genetics are out of the bottle and stem cell research is moving forward whether the U.S. government likes it or not. Gen Cells Cures has moved off-shore to the Caribbean to avoid the political controversy over stem cell research. I am sure you won’t mind a walk on the beach with me to talk about your cure for your breast cancer. Once we have the cure we can take the cure from the bench to the patient without a long and costly wait for FDA approval. There are many advantages to not having big brother breathing down your neck. The governments of the United States and Western countries have nothing to offer except road blocks, red tape and detours. Our patients don’t have time for political smoke and mirrors. With a little luck we could have your cure before the time comes that you need that dreaded surgery and chemo.

Our gifted world-class researchers are visionary and have been schooled in winning and have courage, creativity, can-do attitudes, burning desires, unfaltering belief and an obsession that they will be there first. By first we mean years ahead of the other biotechnology companies. Like determined, fighting NASCAR drivers our scientists are living to take the chequered flag of biotech and win the coveted race for the cure for breast cancer.

Focused on breakthrough discoveries, Gen Cells Cures nurtures a culture that encourages high standards of excellence, original thinking, hard work and a willingness to take risks. Our world-renowned scientists believe in themselves and its belief that gets us there. The company will seek to develop a work environment that is results focused and team-orientated. We compete against time. Though we compete intensely we maintain high ethical standards and trust and respect for each other. Quality is the cornerstone of all our activities. We seek the highest quality information, decisions and people. Our success depends on superior scientific innovation. We see the scientific method as a multi-step process which includes designing the right experiment, collecting and analyzing data and rational decision making. It is not subjective or emotional but rather a logical, open and rational process.

Our success comes from one simple fact; we are committed to being a science-based, patient-driven company, driven by that one special breast cancer patient…you.

Gen Cells Cures lost most of our one million dollar start-up money in offshore bank scandal and currency devaluation last year. We are now actively pursuing financial support. Unfortunately, the Gen Cells Cures team is made up of great scientific minds and not great marketers, salesmen, or fund raisers. Yes, we are looking for a millionaire or billionaire without a cause to support our work, but if you are not our wealthy saviour, we welcome any help, be it financial or a donation of your time. The scientific team is on stand-by. What we’re lacking is the funding to go forward. We could use motivated salesmen to sell our research, fund raisers, skilled internet marketers or someone just to pass out flyers or mail out promotional material. We could use help from the media with publicity stories, ads and promotions to get the word out. We are particularly interested in looking for assistance from the billionaires of the world; there are approximately 600 in the world. Billionaires like Sergey Brin and Larry Page (Google billionaires), Rupert Murdoch, Ted Turner, and Oprah Winfrey and others who control the media could get our life-saving message to the world fast. We are also hoping that some of my celebrities friends will come forward and spread their wings to help support our breast cancer research: Steven Seagal, Charlie Sheen, Wesley Snipes, Danny Glover, Erik Estrada, Tom Arnold, Dolph Lundgren, Roger Clinton, Bill Clinton, Usher, Hulk Hogan, Ivana Trump, John Secada, Sylvester Stalone, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Mike Reno, Richard Branson, Cindy Crawford, Cher, Demi Moore, Michelle Pfeiffer, and other stars that I have had the good fortune of meeting in person and others celebrities that I hope to meet in the future. (Photos of Gerald and the stars can be viewed at his promotional group listed below.) I am waiting to get my photo with Suzanne Summers!

Gen Cells Cure offers more than hope. We can do the job. If you’re going to eradicate cancer you have to have the right people doing the right research. One thing is for sure. We couldn’t do any worse than what the scientists before us have done. Which is virtually nothing! Help us alleviate the pain and suffering. Together, with your help, we can cure breast cancer.

Article by Gerald Armstrong- scientist0707@yahoo.com
Gerald is the owner of Gen Cells Cures
Visit his group for information about “The Cure” for incurable diseases and aging.

Group address [http://www.msnusers.com/cures]

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